「城市建设」成锡忠:城市更新呈現多元化新趋势
12月24日，巴基斯坦联邦内阁經濟和谐委员會核准7390亿卢比的卡拉奇都會革新規劃，并核准點窜卡西姆港五個船埠的整體计劃。据巴基斯坦媒體報导，今朝巴基斯坦的一些大都會存在诸多問題，出格是最大都會卡拉奇的保存與成长面對十分凸起的問題。是以，伊姆兰·汗當局致力于解决卡拉奇多年堆集的紧张問題。据我理解，巴基斯坦當局革新卡拉奇的尽力其實是“都會更新”。
今朝，“都會更新”的觀點被频仍说起。中國國民經濟和社會成长第十四個五年计劃（2021-2025年）明白提出，“施行都會更新举措，推動都會生态修复、功效完美工程，兼顾都會计劃、扶植、辦理，公道肯定都會范围、生齒密度、空間布局，促成大中小都會和小城镇和谐成长。”
甚麼是“都會更新”？简言之，就是對都會中再也不合适現代都會社會糊口的區域举行持久、延续的改良和晋升。都會更新的方针，是用新的都會功效空間代替没落的功效空間，使之從新成长和繁华。
“都會更新”包含两個方面：一是修建等硬件的革新；二是各類生态情况、空間情况、文化情况、视觉情况、遊憩情况的革新。终极實現恢复古城活气、加强旧城竞争力的方针。
為甚麼要举行都會更新？好比，在一小我的發展進程中，從婴儿到青年再到成年，再逐步朽迈，渐渐就會呈現一些疾病。都會也是如斯。跟着都會范围和空間的扩展、生齒與功效的會聚，“大都會病”逐步呈現，如生齒密集、交通拥挤、情况恶化、社會問題凸起、糊口質量降低等。
從比年下世界列國都會更新過程来看，都會更新起头顯現多元化的新趋向，重要體如今如下三個方面：
一是都會更新主导多元化。從都會更新的主导感化来看，包含當局主导感化、市场主导感化和政企互助。當局主导的都會更新带有稠密的福利色采。大部門资金来自當局。當局供给补助，對區域更新具备决议性權利。以市场為导向的都會更新和政企互助，更注意晋升贸易價值，優化资本重组與操纵，注入期間新元素，重修區域繁华。
二是都會更新去狐臭產品,内在多元化。既有轉換修建用處的更新，如堆栈更新為辦公楼、工场更新為公园、辦公楼更新為公寓、阛阓更新為旅店等，也有在修建原用處稳定根本上的功效晋升。
三是都會更新外延多元化。既有单體修建的更新，也有社區片區的更新。单體修建的更新主如果写字楼更新或公寓更新等，社區、片區的更新主如果汗青街區革新和设立文化創意园區等。
我衷心但愿上述信息能為巴基斯坦朋侪在卡拉奇都會更新進程中供给参考。我也衷心祝福巴基斯坦都會，包含卡拉奇，在渐渐更新方面获得踊跃希望，以便經由過程更新使這些都會恢新生力。
巴基斯坦最大都會卡拉奇
On December 24, the Economic Coordination Co妹妹ittee (ECC) of the Pakistan Federal Cabinet endorsed Rs.739 billion Karachi Transformation Plan (KTP) and allowed revision in the Master Plan for five terminals at Port Qasim.
According to reports from Pakistani media, now there are many problems in Pakistan's big cities, in particular, the existence and development problems of Karachi, the largest city of Pakistan, is very prominent. Therefore, the Imran Khan administration is co妹妹itted to solving the serious problems accumulated in Karachi for many years. As far as I understand, the efforts made by the Pakistani government to transform Karachi are actually “urban renewal”.
Currently, the concept of “urban renewal” has been frequently mentioned. China's 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025) for National Economic and Social Development has clearly put forward that “only through the implementation of urban renewal, promotion of urban ecological restoration and functional improvement, overall planning, construction and management of cities, and rational determination of urban scale, population density and spatial structure, can the coordinated development of large, medium and small cities and towns be achieved.”
What is “urban renewal”? In short, it is to make a long-term and continuous improvement and enhancement of the areas in the cities that are no longe山楂減肥法，r suitable for modern urban social life. The goal of urban renewal is to replace the decaying functional space with new urban functional space and make it develop and prosper again.
“Urban renewal” includes two aspects: one is the transformation of buildings and other hardware; the other is the transformation of various ecological environment, space environment, cultural environment, visual environment and recreation environment. Finally, the goal o生髮推薦,f restoring the vitality of the old cities and making them more vigorous and competitive is achieved.
Why do we need urban renewal? For example, some diseases may occur when a person grows from infant to youth and adult, and then gradually ages. The same is true of cities. With the expansion of urban scale and space, the agglomeration of population and function, the “big city disease”, is gradually emerging, such as dense population, traffic congestion, environmental deterioration, prominent social problems, and the decline of quality of life.
From the process of urban renewal around the world in recent years, urban renewal has begun to show a new trend of diversification, which is mainly reflected in three aspects.
First, the leading role of urban renewal is diversified. Such a role is performed by the government, the market and the cooperation between the government and enterprises. The government-led urban renewal has a strong welfare color. Most of the funds come from the government, which provides subsidies and has decisive power for the renewal of areas and processes. The market-oriented urban renewal and the government-enterprise cooperation pay more attention to enhancing the co妹妹ercial val去濕氣食物,ue, optimizing the reorganization and utilization of resources, infusing with the new element of the era, and rebuilding the regional prosperity.
Second, the connotation of urban renewal is diversified. There is not only the renewal of architectural uses, for instance, factory renewal for parks, office building renewal for apartments, shopping mall renewal for hotel, etc., but also the functional improvement on the basis of the original use of the buildings unchanged.
Third, the extension of urban renewal is diversified. There is not only the renewal of single buildings but also the renewal of co妹妹unity areas. The renewal of single buildings mainly includes office building or apartment renewal, while the renewal of co妹妹unities and districts mainly includes the reconstruction of historical blocks and the establishment of cultural and creative parks.
I sincerely wish the above-mentioned information could serve as a reference for our Pakistan friends in the process of the urban renewal of Karachi. I also sincerely wish that positive progress in the progressive renewal of Pakistan's cities, including Karachi, would be made so that these cities would be rejuvenated through renewal.
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